Gum disease, an infection of the gum tissue, is a common problem for adults. It can lead to tooth loss if not treated. There are different treatments based on the stage of gum disease and your overall health. Treatments range from nonsurgical therapies that control bacterial growth to surgery that restores lost tissue and bone.
Understanding Gum Disease: Prevention and Treatment Options
Most people can avoid the earliest stage of gum disease, gingivitis, with good oral hygiene, including daily brushing for two minutes twice a day, and flossing once a day. Brushing helps remove plaque, which contains bacteria that cause gum inflammation and can eventually lead to gingivitis. Flossing removes bacteria and other particles trapped between your teeth. A healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables can help prevent gum disease as well. Smoking increases your risk for gum disease and diminishes the effectiveness of any treatments. Other factors that can contribute to gum disease include age, hormonal changes (as in pregnancy or menopause), a family history of gum disease, and certain health problems such as diabetes.
If you have the early stages of gum disease, known as gingivitis, your dentist can usually reverse it by performing a dental cleaning, or periodontal cleaning, to remove hardened plaque and tartar beneath your gums. They may also give you tips on better brushing and flossing techniques. They can also recommend a healthier diet and discuss alternative treatments for gum disease.
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